Persons with disability in India face many challenges when looking to develop employable skills and in gaining meaningful employment. While India has ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of People with disability (UNCRPD), persons with disability continue to face many difficulties in the labour market.
According to census 2011, there are 26.8 million Persons with Disabilities (PwDs) in India (15 million male and 11.8 million female PwDs). Even though, disabled people constitute a significant percentage of the population of India, their need for meaningful employment largely remains unmet, in spite of implementation of “The Persons with Disability Act, 1995”. In the overall population, the number of disabled is proportion- ately higher in rural areas, accentuated by general poverty considerations and poor access to health ser- vices. The rural disabled are significantly disconnected from skills and markets.
Improving vocational training and employment opportunities for people with disability is a critical element for enhancing the quality of life for individual with disability, their families, but there are also substantial gains for the broader economy. There are substantial costs to individuals and to society associated with these poor employment outcomes for people with disability. The World Bank considers that leaving people with disability, outside the economy, translates into a foregone GDP of about 5% to 7%. In addition to the indi- vidual and family benefits, there is also a strong economic imperative to increased labour force participation which will help to address country’s shortage of skilled labour force, while at the same time reducing fiscal pressures associated with welfare dependency.